From 014dbf25f628a3befb930d23ee0c24d4e9b8f929 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>
Date: Mon, 7 Sep 2015 17:06:05 +0900
Subject: Add example-primer2

---
 example-primer2/Makefile           |  40 ++++
 example-primer2/README             |  18 ++
 example-primer2/aes-constant-ft.c  | 145 ++++++++++++
 example-primer2/lcd.c              | 388 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 example-primer2/lcd.ld             | 148 ++++++++++++
 example-primer2/main.c             | 266 +++++++++++++++++++++
 example-primer2/primer2-switches.c |  73 ++++++
 example-primer2/primer2-switches.h |   9 +
 example-primer2/primer2-ts.c       | 223 ++++++++++++++++++
 example-primer2/primer2-ts.h       |   8 +
 example-primer2/st7732.h           |  83 +++++++
 example-primer2/sys.c              | 467 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 example-primer2/sys.h              | 115 +++++++++
 13 files changed, 1983 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/Makefile
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/README
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/aes-constant-ft.c
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/lcd.c
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/lcd.ld
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/main.c
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/primer2-switches.c
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/primer2-switches.h
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/primer2-ts.c
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/primer2-ts.h
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/st7732.h
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/sys.c
 create mode 100644 example-primer2/sys.h

(limited to 'example-primer2')

diff --git a/example-primer2/Makefile b/example-primer2/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dd70c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Makefile for example application of Chopstx
+
+PROJECT = lcd
+
+CHOPSTX = ..
+NEUGSRC = ./neug/src
+LDSCRIPT= lcd.ld
+CSRC = sys.c aes-constant-ft.c primer2-switches.c primer2-ts.c lcd.c main.c \
+       adc_stm32f103.c neug.c sha256.c
+
+###################################
+CROSS = arm-none-eabi-
+CC   = $(CROSS)gcc
+LD   = $(CROSS)gcc
+OBJCOPY   = $(CROSS)objcopy
+MCU   = cortex-m3
+CWARN = -Wall -Wextra -Wstrict-prototypes
+DEFS  = -DHAVE_SYS_H -DFREE_STANDING -DMHZ=48
+# DEFS  = -DFREE_STANDING -DHAVE_SYS_H -DBUSY_LOOP -DCHX_FLAGS_MAIN=CHOPSTX_SCHED_RR
+OPT   = -O3 -Os -g
+INCDIR = $(NEUGSRC)
+LIBS  =
+
+####################
+include ../rules.mk
+
+board.h: ../board/board-stm32-primer2.h neug
+	ln -s ../board/board-stm32-primer2.h ./board.h
+
+sys.c: board.h
+
+neug:
+	@echo Please make a symbolic link \'neug\' to the neug directory;
+	@exit 1
+
+adc_stm32f103.c neug.c sha256.c:
+	ln -s $(NEUGSRC)/$@ $@
+
+distclean: clean
+	rm -f board.h neug adc_stm32f103.c neug.c sha256.c
diff --git a/example-primer2/README b/example-primer2/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b27a52a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/README
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+Example for STM32 Primer2 by Kazmoto Kojima
+
+It is taken from:
+
+   http://www.rr.iij4u.or.jp/~kkojima/letschopstx.html
+
+From the original tar archive, chopstx-logo.data is removed because
+it's too big.
+
+You can generate it by ImageMagick.
+
+  $ convert ../chopstx.svg -depth 8 -flip \( +clone -channel B -fx R \) +swap -channel R -fx v.B -resize 128x160 -background white -compress none -flatten chopstx.ppm
+
+  $ tail -n +4 chopstx.ppm | sed -e 's/ /, /g' > chopstx-logo.data
+
+
+Since it was written for Chopstx 0.06, you would need to change a bit,
+perhaps.
diff --git a/example-primer2/aes-constant-ft.c b/example-primer2/aes-constant-ft.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..21d1ba7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/aes-constant-ft.c
@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+/*
+ * aes-constant-ft.c - AES forward tables.
+ *
+ * We need something useful for the initial flash ROM page (4 Ki
+ * bytes), which cannot be modified after installation.  Even after
+ * upgrade of the firmware, it stays intact.
+ *
+ * We decide to put 3/4 of AES forward tables to fill 3 Ki bytes, as
+ * its useful and it won't change.
+ *
+ * The code was taken from aes.c of PolarSSL version 0.14, and then,
+ * modified to add section names.
+ *
+ * Since this is just a data, it wouldn't be copyright-able, but the
+ * original auther would claim so.  Thus, we put original copyright
+ * notice here.  It is highly likely that there will be no such a
+ * thing for copyright.  Nevertheless, we think that PolarSSL is good
+ * software to address here, and encourage people using it.
+ *
+ */
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+/*
+ * Original copyright notice is below:
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  FIPS-197 compliant AES implementation
+ *
+ *  Copyright (C) 2006-2010, Brainspark B.V.
+ *
+ *  This file is part of PolarSSL (http://www.polarssl.org)
+ *  Lead Maintainer: Paul Bakker <polarssl_maintainer at polarssl.org>
+ *
+ *  All rights reserved.
+ *
+ *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+ *  with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ *  51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+ */
+/*
+ *  The AES block cipher was designed by Vincent Rijmen and Joan Daemen.
+ *
+ *  http://csrc.nist.gov/encryption/aes/rijndael/Rijndael.pdf
+ *  http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/fips/fips197/fips-197.pdf
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Forward tables
+ */
+#define FT \
+\
+    V(A5,63,63,C6), V(84,7C,7C,F8), V(99,77,77,EE), V(8D,7B,7B,F6), \
+    V(0D,F2,F2,FF), V(BD,6B,6B,D6), V(B1,6F,6F,DE), V(54,C5,C5,91), \
+    V(50,30,30,60), V(03,01,01,02), V(A9,67,67,CE), V(7D,2B,2B,56), \
+    V(19,FE,FE,E7), V(62,D7,D7,B5), V(E6,AB,AB,4D), V(9A,76,76,EC), \
+    V(45,CA,CA,8F), V(9D,82,82,1F), V(40,C9,C9,89), V(87,7D,7D,FA), \
+    V(15,FA,FA,EF), V(EB,59,59,B2), V(C9,47,47,8E), V(0B,F0,F0,FB), \
+    V(EC,AD,AD,41), V(67,D4,D4,B3), V(FD,A2,A2,5F), V(EA,AF,AF,45), \
+    V(BF,9C,9C,23), V(F7,A4,A4,53), V(96,72,72,E4), V(5B,C0,C0,9B), \
+    V(C2,B7,B7,75), V(1C,FD,FD,E1), V(AE,93,93,3D), V(6A,26,26,4C), \
+    V(5A,36,36,6C), V(41,3F,3F,7E), V(02,F7,F7,F5), V(4F,CC,CC,83), \
+    V(5C,34,34,68), V(F4,A5,A5,51), V(34,E5,E5,D1), V(08,F1,F1,F9), \
+    V(93,71,71,E2), V(73,D8,D8,AB), V(53,31,31,62), V(3F,15,15,2A), \
+    V(0C,04,04,08), V(52,C7,C7,95), V(65,23,23,46), V(5E,C3,C3,9D), \
+    V(28,18,18,30), V(A1,96,96,37), V(0F,05,05,0A), V(B5,9A,9A,2F), \
+    V(09,07,07,0E), V(36,12,12,24), V(9B,80,80,1B), V(3D,E2,E2,DF), \
+    V(26,EB,EB,CD), V(69,27,27,4E), V(CD,B2,B2,7F), V(9F,75,75,EA), \
+    V(1B,09,09,12), V(9E,83,83,1D), V(74,2C,2C,58), V(2E,1A,1A,34), \
+    V(2D,1B,1B,36), V(B2,6E,6E,DC), V(EE,5A,5A,B4), V(FB,A0,A0,5B), \
+    V(F6,52,52,A4), V(4D,3B,3B,76), V(61,D6,D6,B7), V(CE,B3,B3,7D), \
+    V(7B,29,29,52), V(3E,E3,E3,DD), V(71,2F,2F,5E), V(97,84,84,13), \
+    V(F5,53,53,A6), V(68,D1,D1,B9), V(00,00,00,00), V(2C,ED,ED,C1), \
+    V(60,20,20,40), V(1F,FC,FC,E3), V(C8,B1,B1,79), V(ED,5B,5B,B6), \
+    V(BE,6A,6A,D4), V(46,CB,CB,8D), V(D9,BE,BE,67), V(4B,39,39,72), \
+    V(DE,4A,4A,94), V(D4,4C,4C,98), V(E8,58,58,B0), V(4A,CF,CF,85), \
+    V(6B,D0,D0,BB), V(2A,EF,EF,C5), V(E5,AA,AA,4F), V(16,FB,FB,ED), \
+    V(C5,43,43,86), V(D7,4D,4D,9A), V(55,33,33,66), V(94,85,85,11), \
+    V(CF,45,45,8A), V(10,F9,F9,E9), V(06,02,02,04), V(81,7F,7F,FE), \
+    V(F0,50,50,A0), V(44,3C,3C,78), V(BA,9F,9F,25), V(E3,A8,A8,4B), \
+    V(F3,51,51,A2), V(FE,A3,A3,5D), V(C0,40,40,80), V(8A,8F,8F,05), \
+    V(AD,92,92,3F), V(BC,9D,9D,21), V(48,38,38,70), V(04,F5,F5,F1), \
+    V(DF,BC,BC,63), V(C1,B6,B6,77), V(75,DA,DA,AF), V(63,21,21,42), \
+    V(30,10,10,20), V(1A,FF,FF,E5), V(0E,F3,F3,FD), V(6D,D2,D2,BF), \
+    V(4C,CD,CD,81), V(14,0C,0C,18), V(35,13,13,26), V(2F,EC,EC,C3), \
+    V(E1,5F,5F,BE), V(A2,97,97,35), V(CC,44,44,88), V(39,17,17,2E), \
+    V(57,C4,C4,93), V(F2,A7,A7,55), V(82,7E,7E,FC), V(47,3D,3D,7A), \
+    V(AC,64,64,C8), V(E7,5D,5D,BA), V(2B,19,19,32), V(95,73,73,E6), \
+    V(A0,60,60,C0), V(98,81,81,19), V(D1,4F,4F,9E), V(7F,DC,DC,A3), \
+    V(66,22,22,44), V(7E,2A,2A,54), V(AB,90,90,3B), V(83,88,88,0B), \
+    V(CA,46,46,8C), V(29,EE,EE,C7), V(D3,B8,B8,6B), V(3C,14,14,28), \
+    V(79,DE,DE,A7), V(E2,5E,5E,BC), V(1D,0B,0B,16), V(76,DB,DB,AD), \
+    V(3B,E0,E0,DB), V(56,32,32,64), V(4E,3A,3A,74), V(1E,0A,0A,14), \
+    V(DB,49,49,92), V(0A,06,06,0C), V(6C,24,24,48), V(E4,5C,5C,B8), \
+    V(5D,C2,C2,9F), V(6E,D3,D3,BD), V(EF,AC,AC,43), V(A6,62,62,C4), \
+    V(A8,91,91,39), V(A4,95,95,31), V(37,E4,E4,D3), V(8B,79,79,F2), \
+    V(32,E7,E7,D5), V(43,C8,C8,8B), V(59,37,37,6E), V(B7,6D,6D,DA), \
+    V(8C,8D,8D,01), V(64,D5,D5,B1), V(D2,4E,4E,9C), V(E0,A9,A9,49), \
+    V(B4,6C,6C,D8), V(FA,56,56,AC), V(07,F4,F4,F3), V(25,EA,EA,CF), \
+    V(AF,65,65,CA), V(8E,7A,7A,F4), V(E9,AE,AE,47), V(18,08,08,10), \
+    V(D5,BA,BA,6F), V(88,78,78,F0), V(6F,25,25,4A), V(72,2E,2E,5C), \
+    V(24,1C,1C,38), V(F1,A6,A6,57), V(C7,B4,B4,73), V(51,C6,C6,97), \
+    V(23,E8,E8,CB), V(7C,DD,DD,A1), V(9C,74,74,E8), V(21,1F,1F,3E), \
+    V(DD,4B,4B,96), V(DC,BD,BD,61), V(86,8B,8B,0D), V(85,8A,8A,0F), \
+    V(90,70,70,E0), V(42,3E,3E,7C), V(C4,B5,B5,71), V(AA,66,66,CC), \
+    V(D8,48,48,90), V(05,03,03,06), V(01,F6,F6,F7), V(12,0E,0E,1C), \
+    V(A3,61,61,C2), V(5F,35,35,6A), V(F9,57,57,AE), V(D0,B9,B9,69), \
+    V(91,86,86,17), V(58,C1,C1,99), V(27,1D,1D,3A), V(B9,9E,9E,27), \
+    V(38,E1,E1,D9), V(13,F8,F8,EB), V(B3,98,98,2B), V(33,11,11,22), \
+    V(BB,69,69,D2), V(70,D9,D9,A9), V(89,8E,8E,07), V(A7,94,94,33), \
+    V(B6,9B,9B,2D), V(22,1E,1E,3C), V(92,87,87,15), V(20,E9,E9,C9), \
+    V(49,CE,CE,87), V(FF,55,55,AA), V(78,28,28,50), V(7A,DF,DF,A5), \
+    V(8F,8C,8C,03), V(F8,A1,A1,59), V(80,89,89,09), V(17,0D,0D,1A), \
+    V(DA,BF,BF,65), V(31,E6,E6,D7), V(C6,42,42,84), V(B8,68,68,D0), \
+    V(C3,41,41,82), V(B0,99,99,29), V(77,2D,2D,5A), V(11,0F,0F,1E), \
+    V(CB,B0,B0,7B), V(FC,54,54,A8), V(D6,BB,BB,6D), V(3A,16,16,2C)
+
+#define V(a,b,c,d) 0x##a##b##c##d
+const uint32_t FT0[256] __attribute__((section(".sys.0"))) = { FT };
+#undef V
+
+#define V(a,b,c,d) 0x##b##c##d##a
+const uint32_t FT1[256] __attribute__((section(".sys.1"))) = { FT };
+#undef V
+
+#define V(a,b,c,d) 0x##c##d##a##b
+const uint32_t FT2[256] __attribute__((section(".sys.2"))) = { FT };
+#undef V
+
+#ifdef ORIGINAL_IMPLEMENTATION 
+#define V(a,b,c,d) 0x##d##a##b##c
+const uint32_t FT3[256] = { FT };
+#undef V
+#endif
diff --git a/example-primer2/lcd.c b/example-primer2/lcd.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..effbe24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/lcd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,388 @@
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <chopstx.h>
+#include "sys.h" /* for set_led */
+#include "st7732.h"
+#include "board.h"
+
+#define PERIPH_BASE	0x40000000
+#define APBPERIPH_BASE   PERIPH_BASE
+#define APB2PERIPH_BASE	(PERIPH_BASE + 0x10000)
+
+struct GPIO {
+  volatile uint32_t CRL;
+  volatile uint32_t CRH;
+  volatile uint32_t IDR;
+  volatile uint32_t ODR;
+  volatile uint32_t BSRR;
+  volatile uint32_t BRR;
+  volatile uint32_t LCKR;
+};
+
+#define GPIOA_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x0800)
+#define GPIOA		((struct GPIO *) GPIOA_BASE)
+#define GPIOB_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x0C00)
+#define GPIOB		((struct GPIO *) GPIOB_BASE)
+#define GPIOC_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1000)
+#define GPIOC		((struct GPIO *) GPIOC_BASE)
+#define GPIOD_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1400)
+#define GPIOD		((struct GPIO *) GPIOD_BASE)
+#define GPIOE_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1800)
+#define GPIOE		((struct GPIO *) GPIOE_BASE)
+
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_LCD = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIO_LED_BASE);
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_LCD_CTRL = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIO_USB_BASE);
+
+#define GPIO_LCD_RD	4
+#define GPIO_LCD_WR	5
+#define GPIO_LCD_RST	6
+#define GPIO_LCD_CS	7
+#define GPIO_LCD_RS	11
+/* PE7:LCD_D0 - PE14:LCD_D7 */
+#define GPIO_DATA_SHIFT	7
+#define GPIO_DATA_MASK (0xff << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT)
+
+static void
+lcd_command_common (st7732_cmd_t cmd)
+{
+  /* Set command. */
+  GPIO_LCD->BRR = GPIO_DATA_MASK & ~(cmd << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT);
+  GPIO_LCD->BSRR = GPIO_DATA_MASK & (cmd << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT);
+  /* Set CMD mode.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1 << GPIO_LCD_RS);
+  /* Asert /CS.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_CS);
+  /* Asert /WR.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_WR);
+  // chopstx_usec_wait (1);
+  /* Negate /WR.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_WR);
+
+  /* Return DATA mode.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_LCD_RS);
+}
+
+/* Issue command with no data read/write.  */
+void
+lcd_command_no (st7732_cmd_t cmd)
+{
+  lcd_command_common (cmd);
+
+  /* Negate /CS.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_CS);
+}
+
+#if 0
+void
+lcd_command_readn (st7732_cmd_t cmd, uint8_t *data, size_t n)
+{
+  volatile int dummy __attribute__ ((unused));
+
+  lcd_command_common (cmd);
+
+  /* Set GPIO_LCD to input mode.  */
+  GPIO_LCD->CRH = 0x88888888;
+  GPIO_LCD->CRL = 0x88888833;
+
+  /* Assert /RD.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_RD);
+  // chopstx_usec_wait (1);
+  /* Dummy read.  */
+  dummy = GPIO_LCD->IDR;
+  /* Negate /RD.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_RD);
+
+  /* Read loop.  */
+  while (n-- > 0)
+    {
+      /* Assert /RD.  */
+      GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_RD);
+      // chopstx_usec_wait (1);
+      /* Negate /RD.  */
+      GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_RD);
+      *data++ = GPIO_LCD->IDR >> GPIO_DATA_SHIFT;
+    }
+	  
+  /* Negate /CS.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_CS);
+
+  /* Set GPIO_LCD to output mode.  */
+  GPIO_LCD->CRH = 0x83333333;
+  GPIO_LCD->CRL = 0x38888833;
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Issue command with N data write.  */
+void
+lcd_command_writen (st7732_cmd_t cmd, uint8_t *data, size_t n)
+{
+  lcd_command_common (cmd);
+
+  /* Write loop.  */
+  while (n-- > 0)
+    {
+      uint8_t b = *data++;
+
+      GPIO_LCD->BRR = GPIO_DATA_MASK & ~(b << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT);
+      GPIO_LCD->BSRR = GPIO_DATA_MASK & (b << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT);
+      /* Assert /WR.  */
+      GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_WR);
+      // chopstx_usec_wait (1);
+      /* Negate /WR.  */
+      GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_WR);
+    }
+
+  /* Negate /CS.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_CS);
+}
+
+/* Issue command with N same data write.  */
+void
+lcd_command_filln (st7732_cmd_t cmd, uint8_t b, size_t n)
+{
+  lcd_command_common (cmd);
+
+  /* Write loop.  */
+  while (n-- > 0)
+    {
+      GPIO_LCD->BRR = GPIO_DATA_MASK & ~(b << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT);
+      GPIO_LCD->BSRR = GPIO_DATA_MASK & (b << GPIO_DATA_SHIFT);
+      /* Assert /WR.  */
+      GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_WR);
+      // chopstx_usec_wait (1);
+      /* Negate /WR.  */
+      GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_WR);
+    }
+
+  /* Negate /CS.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1<< GPIO_LCD_CS);
+}
+
+static chopstx_mutex_t lcd_mtx;
+static chopstx_cond_t lcd_cnd0;
+static chopstx_cond_t lcd_cnd1;
+
+/* Process for initializing ST7732.  */
+static void *
+lcd_initializer (void *arg __attribute__((unused)))
+{
+  uint8_t args[16];
+
+  chopstx_mutex_lock (&lcd_mtx);
+  chopstx_cond_wait (&lcd_cnd0, &lcd_mtx);
+  chopstx_mutex_unlock (&lcd_mtx);
+
+ /* Set GPIO_LCD to write mode.  */
+  GPIO_LCD->CRH = 0x83333333;
+  GPIO_LCD->CRL = 0x38888833;
+
+  /* Set GPIO_LCD_CTRL IO mode.  */
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->CRH = 0x88883888;
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->CRL = 0x33333888;
+
+  /* Restart ST7732.  */
+  /* Hard reset.  */
+  chopstx_usec_wait (100000);
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BRR = (1 << GPIO_LCD_RST);
+  chopstx_usec_wait (100000);
+  GPIO_LCD_CTRL->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_LCD_RST);
+  chopstx_usec_wait (100000);
+
+  /* Software reset.  */
+  lcd_command_no (SWRESET);
+  chopstx_usec_wait (150000);
+
+  /* Sleep in.  */
+  lcd_command_no (SLPIN);
+  chopstx_usec_wait (100000);
+
+  /* Sleep out.  */
+  lcd_command_no (SLPOUT);
+  chopstx_usec_wait (100000);
+
+  /* Configure ST7732.  Set display mode, pixel mode, etc.  */
+  /* FRMCTR1, 6, 3, 2  */
+  args[0] = 0x06; args[1] = 0x03; args[2] = 0x02;
+  lcd_command_writen (FRMCTR1, args, 3);
+  /* INVCTR, 3  */
+  args[0] = 0x03;
+  lcd_command_writen (INVCTR, args, 1);
+  /* DISSET5, 2, eh  */
+  args[0] = 0x02; args[1] = 0x0e;
+  lcd_command_writen (DISSET5, args, 2);
+  /* DISPCTRL, 1ah  */
+  args[0] = 0x1a;
+  lcd_command_writen (DISPCTRL, args, 1);
+  /* PWCTR1, 2, 0  */
+  args[0] = 0x02; args[1] = 0x00;
+  lcd_command_writen (PWCTR1, args, 2);
+  /* PWCTR2, 5  */
+  args[0] = 0x05;
+  lcd_command_writen (PWCTR2, args, 1);
+  /* PWCTR3, 2, 2  */
+  args[0] = 0x02; args[1] = 0x02;
+  lcd_command_writen (PWCTR3, args, 2);
+  /* PWCTR4, 1, 2  */
+  args[0] = 0x01; args[1] = 0x00;
+  lcd_command_writen (PWCTR4, args, 2);
+  /* PWCTR5, 1, 2  */
+  args[0] = 0x01; args[1] = 0x00;
+  lcd_command_writen (PWCTR5, args, 2);
+  /* VMCTR1, 47h, 2ah  */
+  args[0] = 0x47; args[1] = 0x2a;
+  lcd_command_writen (VMCTR1, args, 2);
+  /* OSCADJ, 4ch  */
+  args[0] = 0x4c;
+  lcd_command_writen (OSCADJ, args, 1);
+  /* DEFADJ, 6  */
+  args[0] = 0x06;
+  lcd_command_writen (DEFADJ, args, 1);
+
+  /* gamma adjust  */
+
+  /* MADCTL, c0h  MY=1, MX=1  */
+  args[0] = 0xc0;
+  lcd_command_writen (MADCTL, args, 1);
+
+  /* Set RA and CA.  */
+  /* RASET, 0, 0, 0, 159  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0x00; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_ROW-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (RASET, args, 4);
+  /* CASET, 0, 0, 0, 127  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0x00; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_COLUMN-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (CASET, args, 4);
+
+  /* 0x06: RGB 6-6-6-bit.  */
+  args[0] = 0x06;
+  lcd_command_writen (COLMOD, args, 1);
+
+  args[0] = 0;
+  lcd_command_writen (TEON, args, 1);
+
+  lcd_command_no (DISPON);
+
+  /* Wait 20ms.  */
+  chopstx_usec_wait (20000);
+
+  chopstx_mutex_lock (&lcd_mtx);
+  chopstx_cond_signal (&lcd_cnd1);
+  chopstx_mutex_unlock (&lcd_mtx);
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+/* Plot a point with rgb color.  2 LSBs of rgb values will be ignored.  */
+void
+lcd_draw_point (int x, int y, int r, int g, int b)
+{
+  uint8_t args[4];
+
+  /* Set RA and CA.  */
+  /* RASET, 0, y, 0, y  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = y; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = y;
+  lcd_command_writen (RASET, args, 4);
+  /* CASET, 0, x, 0, x  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = x; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = x;
+  lcd_command_writen (CASET, args, 4);
+
+  args[0] = r; args[1] = g; args[2] = b; 
+  lcd_command_writen (RAMWR, args, 3);
+}
+
+static uint8_t hexfont5x8[16*5] = {
+  0x7e, 0x89, 0x91, 0xa1, 0x7e, /* 0 */
+  0x00, 0x41, 0xff, 0x01, 0x00, /* 1 */
+  0x43, 0x85, 0x89, 0x91, 0x61, /* 2 */
+  0x42, 0x81, 0x91, 0x91, 0x6e, /* 3 */
+  0x18, 0x28, 0x48, 0xff, 0x08, /* 4 */
+  0xf2, 0x91, 0x91, 0x91, 0x8e, /* 5 */
+  0x1e, 0x29, 0x49, 0x89, 0x86, /* 6 */
+  0x80, 0x8f, 0x90, 0xa0, 0xc0, /* 7 */
+  0x6e, 0x91, 0x91, 0x91, 0x6e, /* 8 */
+  0x70, 0x89, 0x89, 0x8a, 0x7c, /* 9 */
+  0x7f, 0x88, 0x88, 0x88, 0x7f, /* A */
+  0xff, 0x91, 0x91, 0x91, 0x6e, /* B */
+  0x7e, 0x81, 0x81, 0x81, 0x42, /* C */
+  0xff, 0x81, 0x81, 0x42, 0x3c, /* D */
+  0xff, 0x91, 0x91, 0x91, 0x81, /* E */
+  0xff, 0x90, 0x90, 0x90, 0x80, /* F */
+};
+
+/* Draw hex number with rgb color.  */
+void
+lcd_draw_hexfont5x8 (uint32_t hex, int x, int y, int r, int g, int b, int bg)
+{
+  int i, j;
+  uint8_t *p;
+  uint8_t args[5*8*3];
+
+  p = &hexfont5x8[(hex & 0xf)*5];
+
+  /* Set RA and CA.  */
+  /* RASET, 0, y, 0, y+8-1  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = y; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = y+7;
+  lcd_command_writen (RASET, args, 4);
+  /* CASET, 0, x, 0, x+5-1  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = x; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = x+4;
+  lcd_command_writen (CASET, args, 4);
+
+  for (i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+    {
+      uint8_t rb = *p++;
+      for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
+	{
+	  int k = (5*j+i)*3;
+	  if (rb & (0x80 >> j))
+	    {
+	      args[k] = r; args[k+1] = g; args[k+2] = b;
+	    }
+	  else
+	    {
+	      args[k] = bg; args[k+1] = bg; args[k+2] = bg;
+	    }
+	}
+    }
+
+  lcd_command_writen (RAMWR, args, 5*8*3);
+}
+
+void
+lcd_printhex (uint32_t hex, int x, int y, int r, int g, int b, int bg)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  if (y < 0 || y >= LCD_ROW - 8)
+    return;
+  for (i = 7; i >= 0; i--)
+    {
+      lcd_draw_hexfont5x8 ((hex >> 4*i)&0xf, x, y, r, g, b, bg);
+      x += 5;
+      if (x >= LCD_COLUMN - 5)
+	break;
+    }
+}
+
+#define PRIO_LCD 3
+
+extern uint8_t __process1_stack_base__, __process1_stack_size__;
+const uint32_t __stackaddr_lcd = (uint32_t)&__process1_stack_base__;
+const size_t __stacksize_lcd = (size_t)&__process1_stack_size__;
+
+/* Initialize LCD.  */
+void
+lcd_init (void)
+{
+  chopstx_mutex_init (&lcd_mtx);
+  chopstx_cond_init (&lcd_cnd0);
+  chopstx_cond_init (&lcd_cnd1);
+
+  chopstx_create (PRIO_LCD, __stackaddr_lcd, __stacksize_lcd,
+		  lcd_initializer, NULL);
+
+  chopstx_usec_wait (200*1000);
+
+  chopstx_mutex_lock (&lcd_mtx);
+  chopstx_cond_signal (&lcd_cnd0);
+  chopstx_cond_wait (&lcd_cnd1, &lcd_mtx);
+  chopstx_mutex_unlock (&lcd_mtx);
+}
diff --git a/example-primer2/lcd.ld b/example-primer2/lcd.ld
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dbda939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/lcd.ld
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+/*
+ * ST32F103 memory setup.
+ */
+__main_stack_size__      = 0x0100;      /* Exception handlers     */
+__process0_stack_size__  = 0x0200;      /* main */
+__process1_stack_size__  = 0x0100;      /* lcd init */
+__process2_stack_size__  = 0x0180;      /* rng */
+__process3_stack_size__  = 0x0100;      /* None yet */
+
+MEMORY
+{
+    flash0 : org = 0x08000000, len = 4k
+    flash : org = 0x08000000+0x1000, len = 512k - 4k
+    ram : org = 0x20000000, len = 64k
+}
+
+/* __flash_start__: flash ROM start address regardless of DFU_SUPPORT */
+__flash_start__         = 0x08001000;
+__flash_end__           = ORIGIN(flash) + LENGTH(flash);
+
+__ram_start__           = ORIGIN(ram);
+__ram_size__            = LENGTH(ram);
+__ram_end__             = __ram_start__ + __ram_size__;
+
+SECTIONS
+{
+    . = 0;
+
+    .sys : ALIGN(4) SUBALIGN(4)
+    {
+        _sys = .;
+        KEEP(*(.vectors))
+        . = ALIGN(16);
+        *(.sys.version)
+        build/sys.o(.text)
+        build/sys.o(.text.*)
+        build/sys.o(.rodata)
+        build/sys.o(.rodata.*)
+        . = ALIGN(1024);
+        *(.sys.0)
+        *(.sys.1)
+        *(.sys.2)
+    } > flash0
+
+    _text = .;
+
+    .startup : ALIGN(128) SUBALIGN(128)
+    {
+        KEEP(*(.startup.vectors))
+        . = ALIGN (16);
+    } > flash =0xffffffff
+
+    .text : ALIGN(16) SUBALIGN(16)
+    {
+        *(.text.startup.*)
+        *(.text)
+        *(.text.*)
+        *(.rodata)
+        *(.rodata.*)
+        *(.glue_7t)
+        *(.glue_7)
+        *(.gcc*)
+	. = ALIGN(8);
+    } > flash
+
+    .ARM.extab : {*(.ARM.extab* .gnu.linkonce.armextab.*)} > flash
+
+    .ARM.exidx : {
+        PROVIDE(__exidx_start = .);
+        *(.ARM.exidx* .gnu.linkonce.armexidx.*)
+        PROVIDE(__exidx_end = .);
+     } > flash
+
+    .eh_frame_hdr : {*(.eh_frame_hdr)} > flash
+
+    .eh_frame : ONLY_IF_RO {*(.eh_frame)} > flash
+
+    .textalign : ONLY_IF_RO { . = ALIGN(8); } > flash
+
+    _etext = .;
+    _textdata = _etext;
+
+    .stacks :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        __main_stack_base__ = .;
+        . += __main_stack_size__;
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        __main_stack_end__ = .;
+        __process0_stack_base__ = .;
+        . += __process0_stack_size__;
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        __process0_stack_end__ = .;
+        __process1_stack_base__ = .;
+        . += __process1_stack_size__;
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        __process1_stack_end__ = .;
+        __process2_stack_base__ = .;
+        . += __process2_stack_size__;
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        __process2_stack_end__ = .;
+        __process3_stack_base__ = .;
+        . += __process3_stack_size__;
+        . = ALIGN(8);
+        __process3_stack_end__ = .;
+    } > ram
+
+    .data :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        PROVIDE(_data = .);
+        *(.data)
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        *(.data.*)
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        *(.ramtext)
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        PROVIDE(_edata = .);
+    } > ram AT > flash
+
+    .bss :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        PROVIDE(_bss_start = .);
+        *(.bss)
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        *(.bss.*)
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        *(COMMON)
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        PROVIDE(_bss_end = .);
+    } > ram
+
+    PROVIDE(end = .);
+    _end            = .;
+    . = ALIGN(512);
+    /* reGNUal is now relocatable, it's OK not using fixed address. */
+    _regnual_start = .;
+
+    .fill_ffff :
+    {
+        . = ALIGN (2048);
+	*(.passwd)
+    } > flash =0xffffffff
+}
+
+__heap_base__   = _end;
+__heap_end__    = __ram_end__;
diff --git a/example-primer2/main.c b/example-primer2/main.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c83a810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/main.c
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <chopstx.h>
+#include "neug.h"
+#include "sys.h" /* for set_led */
+#include "stm32f103.h"
+#include "adc.h"
+#include "st7732.h"
+#include "primer2-switches.h"
+#include "primer2-ts.h"
+#include "board.h"
+
+#ifdef TEST_DISPLAY_LOGO
+static uint8_t buf[LCD_COLUMN*LCD_ROW*BYTES_PER_PIXEL] = {
+#include "chopstx-logo.data"
+};
+
+void
+lcd_logo (void)
+{
+  uint8_t args[4];
+
+  /* Set RA and CA.  */
+  /* RASET, 0, 0, 0, 159  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_ROW-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (RASET, args, 4);
+  /* CASET, 0, 0, 0, 127  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_COLUMN-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (CASET, args, 4);
+
+  /* Write logo.  */
+  lcd_command_writen (RAMWR, buf, LCD_COLUMN*LCD_ROW*BYTES_PER_PIXEL);
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Table of 32*(cos, sin) for range 0 to pi/2 with step pi/256.  */
+static uint8_t ctable[128*2] = {
+32, 0, 31, 0, 31, 0, 31, 1, 31, 1, 31, 1, 31, 2, 31, 2,
+31, 3, 31, 3, 31, 3, 31, 4, 31, 4, 31, 5, 31, 5, 31, 5,
+31, 6, 31, 6, 31, 7, 31, 7, 31, 7, 30, 8, 30, 8, 30, 8,
+30, 9, 30, 9, 30, 10, 30, 10, 30, 10, 29, 11, 29, 11, 29, 11,
+29, 12, 29, 12, 29, 12, 29, 13, 28, 13, 28, 14, 28, 14, 28, 14,
+28, 15, 28, 15, 27, 15, 27, 16, 27, 16, 27, 16, 27, 17, 26, 17,
+26, 17, 26, 18, 26, 18, 25, 18, 25, 19, 25, 19, 25, 19, 24, 19,
+24, 20, 24, 20, 24, 20, 23, 21, 23, 21, 23, 21, 23, 22, 22, 22,
+22, 22, 22, 22, 22, 23, 21, 23, 21, 23, 21, 23, 20, 24, 20, 24,
+20, 24, 19, 24, 19, 25, 19, 25, 19, 25, 18, 25, 18, 26, 18, 26,
+17, 26, 17, 26, 17, 27, 16, 27, 16, 27, 16, 27, 15, 27, 15, 28,
+15, 28, 14, 28, 14, 28, 14, 28, 13, 28, 13, 29, 12, 29, 12, 29,
+12, 29, 11, 29, 11, 29, 11, 29, 10, 30, 10, 30, 10, 30, 9, 30,
+9, 30, 8, 30, 8, 30, 8, 30, 7, 31, 7, 31, 7, 31, 6, 31,
+6, 31, 5, 31, 5, 31, 5, 31, 4, 31, 4, 31, 3, 31, 3, 31,
+3, 31, 2, 31, 2, 31, 1, 31, 1, 31, 1, 31, 0, 31, 0, 31,
+};
+
+#ifdef TEST_LCD_CIRCLE
+void
+lcd_circle (void)
+{
+  int i, j;
+  uint8_t *p;
+  int x, y;
+
+  /* Clear display.  */
+  /* Set RA and CA.  */
+  /* RASET, 0, 0, 0, 159  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_ROW-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (RASET, args, 4);
+  /* CASET, 0, 0, 0, 127  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_COLUMN-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (CASET, args, 4);
+
+  lcd_command_writen (RAMWR, 0, LCD_COLUMN*LCD_ROW*BYTES_PER_PIXEL);
+
+  /* Draw a circle.  */
+  for (i = 0; i < 128; i++)
+    {
+      x = 64 + ctable[2*i];
+      y = 80 + ctable[2*i+1];
+      lcd_draw_point (x, y, 0xfc, 0xfc, 0xfc);
+    }
+  for (i = 0; i < 128; i++)
+    {
+      x = 64 - ctable[2*i+1];
+      y = 80 + ctable[2*i];
+      lcd_draw_point (x, y, 0xfc, 0, 0xfc);
+    }
+  for (i = 0; i < 128; i++)
+    {
+      x = 64 - ctable[2*i];
+      y = 80 - ctable[2*i+1];
+      lcd_draw_point (x, y, 0, 0xfc, 0xfc);
+    }
+  for (i = 0; i < 128; i++)
+    {
+      x = 64 + ctable[2*i+1];
+      y = 80 - ctable[2*i];
+      lcd_draw_point (x, y, 0xfc, 0xfc, 0);
+    }
+}
+#endif
+
+#define RANDOM_BYTES_LENGTH 64
+static uint32_t random_word[RANDOM_BYTES_LENGTH/sizeof (uint32_t)];
+
+int
+main (int argc, const char *argv[])
+{
+  int count;
+  int vx, vy;
+  int r, g, b;
+  uint8_t args[4];
+
+  (void)argc;
+  (void)argv;
+
+  set_led (1);
+  set_backlight (1);
+
+  adc_init ();
+  neug_init (random_word, RANDOM_BYTES_LENGTH/sizeof (uint32_t));
+
+  lcd_init ();
+
+#ifdef TEST_LCD_LOGO
+  lcd_logo ();
+
+  while (! joystick ())
+    chopstx_usec_wait (500*1000);
+#endif
+
+  /* Set RA and CA.  */
+  /* RASET, 0, 0, 0, 159  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_ROW-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (RASET, args, 4);
+  /* CASET, 0, 0, 0, 127  */
+  args[0] = 0x00; args[1] = 0; args[2] = 0x00; args[3] = LCD_COLUMN-1;
+  lcd_command_writen (CASET, args, 4);
+
+  /* Fill display.  */
+  lcd_command_filln (RAMWR, 0xfc, LCD_COLUMN*LCD_ROW*BYTES_PER_PIXEL);
+
+  vx = (LCD_COLUMN/2) << 5;
+  vy = (LCD_ROW/2) << 5;
+  r = g = b = 0;
+#if 1
+  adc3_init ();
+  adc3_start ();
+
+  count = 0;
+  while (1)
+    {
+      uint32_t resv[4];
+
+      adc3_conversion (resv);
+      if (ts_pushed (resv[2]))
+	{
+	  int reg[3], point[2];
+
+	  ts_conversion (resv, reg);
+#if 0
+	  lcd_printhex (reg[0], 5,  8, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xfc);
+	  lcd_printhex (reg[1], 5,  18, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xfc);
+	  lcd_printhex (reg[2], 5,  28, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xfc);
+#endif
+	  if (!ts_adjust (reg, point))
+	    {
+	      chopstx_usec_wait (50*1000);
+	      continue;
+	    }
+
+	  lcd_draw_point (point[0], point[1], r, g, b);
+	}
+      else
+	ts_adjust (NULL, NULL);
+
+      chopstx_usec_wait (50*1000);
+      count++;
+      if ((count/10) & 1)
+	set_led (0);
+      else
+	set_led (1);
+      if (pbutton())
+	break;
+    }
+
+  adc3_stop ();
+#endif
+
+  count = 0;
+  while (1)
+    {
+      int jo;
+      uint32_t th = neug_get (NEUG_KICK_FILLING) & 0x1ff;
+
+      /* Get random point on a circle with the radius of 32 and walk
+	 towards it.  */
+      if (th < 128)
+	{
+	  vx += ctable[2*th];
+	  vy += ctable[2*th+1];
+	}
+      else if (th < 256)
+	{
+	  vx -= ctable[2*(th & 0x7f)+1];
+	  vy += ctable[2*(th & 0x7f)];
+	}
+      else if (th < 384)
+	{
+	  vx -= ctable[2*(th & 0x7f)];
+	  vy -= ctable[2*(th & 0x7f)+1];
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  vx += ctable[2*(th & 0x7f)+1];
+	  vy -= ctable[2*(th & 0x7f)];
+	}
+
+      if (vx < 0)
+	vx += (LCD_COLUMN << 5);
+      if (vy < 0)
+	vy += (LCD_ROW << 5);
+
+      /* Change draw color with joystick.  */
+      jo = joystick ();
+      if (JOYSTICK_L (jo))
+	r = 0xfc;
+      if (JOYSTICK_R (jo))
+	g = 0xfc;
+      if (JOYSTICK_U (jo))
+	b = 0xfc;
+      if (JOYSTICK_D (jo))
+	r = g = b = 0;
+
+      /* 2-dim random walk on torus.  */
+      lcd_draw_point ((vx>>5)%LCD_COLUMN, (vy>>5)%LCD_ROW, r, g, b);
+      chopstx_usec_wait (10*1000);
+
+      if (pbutton ())
+	count++;
+      /* Shutdown when p-button is held down for 5 sec.  */
+      if (count > 500)
+	{
+	  set_led (0);
+	  shutdown ();
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  /* Disable backlight when p-button is held down for 3 sec.  */
+	  if (count > 300)
+	    set_backlight (0);
+
+	  /* Blink led when p-button is held.  */
+	  if ((count/50) & 1)
+	    set_led (0);
+	  else
+	    set_led (1);
+	}
+#if 1
+      lcd_printhex (count, 5,  8, 0x00, 0x00, 0xfc, 0xfc);
+#endif
+
+    }
+
+  return 0;
+}
diff --git a/example-primer2/primer2-switches.c b/example-primer2/primer2-switches.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ab73ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/primer2-switches.c
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <chopstx.h>
+#include "board.h"
+
+#define PERIPH_BASE	0x40000000
+#define APBPERIPH_BASE   PERIPH_BASE
+#define APB2PERIPH_BASE	(PERIPH_BASE + 0x10000)
+
+struct GPIO {
+  volatile uint32_t CRL;
+  volatile uint32_t CRH;
+  volatile uint32_t IDR;
+  volatile uint32_t ODR;
+  volatile uint32_t BSRR;
+  volatile uint32_t BRR;
+  volatile uint32_t LCKR;
+};
+
+#define GPIOA_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x0800)
+#define GPIOA		((struct GPIO *) GPIOA_BASE)
+#define GPIOB_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x0C00)
+#define GPIOB		((struct GPIO *) GPIOB_BASE)
+#define GPIOC_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1000)
+#define GPIOC		((struct GPIO *) GPIOC_BASE)
+#define GPIOD_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1400)
+#define GPIOD		((struct GPIO *) GPIOD_BASE)
+#define GPIOE_BASE	(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x1800)
+#define GPIOE		((struct GPIO *) GPIOE_BASE)
+
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_STICK = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIO_LED_BASE);
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_OTHER = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIO_OTHER_BASE);
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_OTHER1 = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIOC_BASE);
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_OTHER2 = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIOB_BASE);
+
+#define GPIO_STICK_L	3
+#define GPIO_STICK_R	4
+#define GPIO_STICK_U	5
+#define GPIO_STICK_D	6
+#define GPIO_SHUTDOWN	13
+#define GPIO_PBUTTON	8
+#define GPIO_BACKLIGHT	8
+
+void
+shutdown (void)
+{
+  GPIO_OTHER1->BRR = (1 << GPIO_SHUTDOWN);
+  GPIO_OTHER1->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_SHUTDOWN);
+
+  while (1)
+    chopstx_usec_wait (500*1000);
+}
+
+void
+set_backlight (int on)
+{
+  if (on)
+    GPIO_OTHER2->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_BACKLIGHT);
+  else
+    GPIO_OTHER2->BRR = (1 << GPIO_BACKLIGHT);
+}
+
+int
+joystick (void)
+{
+  return (GPIO_STICK->IDR >> GPIO_STICK_L) & 0xf;
+}
+
+int
+pbutton (void)
+{
+  return (GPIO_OTHER->IDR >> GPIO_PBUTTON) & 1;
+}
diff --git a/example-primer2/primer2-switches.h b/example-primer2/primer2-switches.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1d0c85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/primer2-switches.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+extern void shutdown (void);
+extern void set_backlight (int on);
+extern int pbutton (void);
+extern int joystick (void);
+
+#define JOYSTICK_L(x) ((x) & 1)
+#define JOYSTICK_R(x) ((x) & 2)
+#define JOYSTICK_U(x) ((x) & 4)
+#define JOYSTICK_D(x) ((x) & 8)
diff --git a/example-primer2/primer2-ts.c b/example-primer2/primer2-ts.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eb1c4ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/primer2-ts.c
@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <chopstx.h>
+#include "stm32f103.h"
+#include "st7732.h"
+#include "primer2-ts.h"
+
+/* ADC3 routines.  */
+
+#define ADC3_BASE		(APB2PERIPH_BASE + 0x3c00)
+static struct ADC *const ADC3 = (struct ADC *const)ADC3_BASE;
+
+#define RCC_APB2ENR_ADC3EN	0x8000
+#define RCC_APB2RSTR_ADC3RST	0x8000
+
+#define ADC_SR_JEOC		0x0004
+
+#define ADC_CR1_JEOCIE		(1 << 7)
+
+#define ADC_CR2_JSWSTART	(1 << 21)
+#define ADC_CR2_JEXTTRIG        (1 << 15)
+#define ADC_CR2_JEXTSEL(n)	((n) << 12)
+
+#define ADC_JSQR_NUM_CH(n)      (((n) - 1) << 20)
+#define ADC_JSQR_JSQ1_N(n)      ((n) << 0)
+#define ADC_JSQR_JSQ2_N(n)      ((n) << 5)
+#define ADC_JSQR_JSQ3_N(n)      ((n) << 10)
+#define ADC_JSQR_JSQ4_N(n)      ((n) << 15)
+
+#define ADC_CHANNEL_IN10        10
+#define ADC_CHANNEL_IN11        11
+#define ADC_CHANNEL_IN12        12
+#define ADC_CHANNEL_IN13        13
+
+#define USE_ADC3_INTR		1
+#define INTR_REQ_ADC3		47
+
+/*
+ * Do calibration for ADC3.
+ */
+void adc3_init (void)
+{
+  RCC->APB2ENR |= RCC_APB2ENR_ADC3EN;
+  RCC->APB2RSTR = RCC_APB2RSTR_ADC3RST;
+  RCC->APB2RSTR = 0;
+
+  ADC3->CR1 = 0;
+  ADC3->CR2 = ADC_CR2_ADON;
+  ADC3->CR2 = ADC_CR2_ADON | ADC_CR2_RSTCAL;
+  while ((ADC3->CR2 & ADC_CR2_RSTCAL) != 0)
+    ;
+  ADC3->CR2 = ADC_CR2_ADON | ADC_CR2_CAL;
+  while ((ADC3->CR2 & ADC_CR2_CAL) != 0)
+    ;
+  ADC3->CR2 = 0;
+  RCC->APB2ENR &= ~RCC_APB2ENR_ADC3EN;
+}
+
+static chopstx_intr_t adc3_intr;
+
+void
+adc3_start (void)
+{
+  RCC->APB2ENR |= RCC_APB2ENR_ADC3EN;
+
+#if USE_ADC3_INTR
+  ADC3->CR1 = ADC_CR1_SCAN | ADC_CR1_JEOCIE;
+#else
+  ADC3->CR1 = ADC_CR1_SCAN;
+#endif
+  ADC3->CR2 = ADC_CR2_JEXTTRIG | ADC_CR2_JEXTSEL(7) | ADC_CR2_ADON;
+  ADC3->SMPR1 = 0xfff;
+  ADC3->SMPR2 = 0;
+  ADC3->JSQR = (ADC_JSQR_NUM_CH(4) | ADC_JSQR_JSQ4_N(ADC_CHANNEL_IN13)
+		| ADC_JSQR_JSQ3_N(ADC_CHANNEL_IN12)
+		| ADC_JSQR_JSQ2_N(ADC_CHANNEL_IN11)
+		| ADC_JSQR_JSQ1_N(ADC_CHANNEL_IN10));
+
+#if USE_ADC3_INTR
+  chopstx_claim_irq (&adc3_intr, INTR_REQ_ADC3);
+#endif
+}
+
+void adc3_conversion (uint32_t *result)
+{
+
+  /* Start conversion.  */
+  ADC3->CR2 |= ADC_CR2_JSWSTART;
+
+#if USE_ADC3_INTR
+  chopstx_intr_wait (&adc3_intr);
+#else
+  while (1)
+    {
+      chopstx_usec_wait (1000);
+      if (ADC3->SR & ADC_SR_JEOC)
+	break;
+    }
+#endif
+  ADC3->SR &= ~ADC_SR_JEOC;
+
+  result[0] = ADC3->JDR1;
+  result[1] = ADC3->JDR2;
+  result[2] = ADC3->JDR3;
+  result[3] = ADC3->JDR4;
+
+  /* Stop conversion.  */
+  ADC3->CR2 &= ~ADC_CR2_JSWSTART;
+
+  return;
+}
+
+void adc3_stop (void)
+{
+
+#if USE_ADC3_INTR
+  chopstx_release_irq (&adc3_intr);
+#endif
+
+  /* Power off.  */
+  ADC3->CR1 = 0;
+  ADC3->CR2 = 0;
+
+  RCC->APB2ENR &= ~RCC_APB2ENR_ADC3EN;
+}
+
+/* Touch screen routines.  */
+
+int
+ts_pushed (uint32_t u)
+{
+  return (u < 0xc00);
+}
+
+#define FILTER_SIZE	8
+
+static void
+ts_filter (int buf[FILTER_SIZE][2], int result[2])
+{
+  int s0, s1;
+  int i;
+
+  s0 = 0;
+  s1 = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < FILTER_SIZE; i++)
+    {
+      s0 += buf[i][0];
+      s1 += buf[i][1];
+    }
+
+  result[0] = s0/FILTER_SIZE;
+  result[1] = s1/FILTER_SIZE;
+}
+
+/* Simple model of primer2 touch screen:
+    Vdd-[R1]-[Ry]-[Rp]-[Rx]-Vss
+            U    D    l    R
+   where R1=1k external register, Rx(resp. Ry)=resisitive component on
+   X(resp. Y) film and Rp=resisitive component of contact point.
+   Convert [L, R, U, D] to [Rx, Ry, Rp].  */
+void
+ts_conversion (uint32_t a[], int r[])
+{
+  int l, u, d, ir1;
+  int x, y, rp;
+
+  l = a[0] & 0xfff;
+  u = a[2] & 0xfff;
+  d = a[3] & 0xfff;
+  ir1 = 4096 - u;
+  /* r1 = 1000 */
+  x = (1000 * l)/ir1;
+  y = (1000 * (u - d))/ir1;
+  rp = (1000 * (d - l))/ir1;
+  r[0] = x;
+  r[1] = y;
+  r[2] = rp;
+}
+
+int
+ts_adjust (int *r, int *cord)
+{
+  int x, y;
+  static int buf[FILTER_SIZE][2];
+  static int i = 0;
+  static int fill = 0;
+
+  if (!r)
+    {
+      i = 0;
+      fill = 0;
+      return 0;
+    }
+
+  /* TODO: We might need calibration.  */
+  x = (LCD_COLUMN * (r[0] - 0x20))/0x100;
+  y = (LCD_ROW * (0x1e0 - r[1]))/0x1c0;
+
+  if (x < 0)
+    x = 0;
+  if (x >= LCD_COLUMN)
+    x = LCD_COLUMN - 1;
+  if (y < 0)
+    y = 0;
+  if (y >= LCD_ROW)
+    y = LCD_ROW - 1;
+
+  buf[i][0] = x;
+  buf[i][1] = y;
+
+  i++;
+  if (i >= FILTER_SIZE)
+    {
+      i = 0;
+      fill = 1;
+    }
+
+  if (!fill)
+    return 0;
+
+  ts_filter (buf, cord);
+  return 1;
+}
diff --git a/example-primer2/primer2-ts.h b/example-primer2/primer2-ts.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..552d6db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/primer2-ts.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+extern void adc3_init (void);
+extern void adc3_start (void);
+extern void adc3_conversion (uint32_t *result);
+extern void adc3_stop (void);
+
+extern int ts_pushed (uint32_t u);
+extern void ts_conversion (uint32_t a[], int r[]);
+extern int ts_adjust (int r[], int cord[]);
diff --git a/example-primer2/st7732.h b/example-primer2/st7732.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bc684d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/st7732.h
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+/* ST7732 LCD driver chip command byte.
+  command_name = value  read_n_bytes:write_n_bytes: simple description  */
+enum st7732_cmd {
+  NOP = 0x00,		/* 0:0: No Operatin */
+  SWRESET = 0x01,	/* 0:0: Software reset */
+  RDDID = 0x04,		/* 0:3: Read Display ID */
+  RDRST = 0x09,		/* 0:4: Read Display Status */
+  RDDPM = 0x0a,		/* 0:1: Read Display Power Mode */
+  RDD_MADCTL = 0x0b,	/* 0:1: Read Display MADCTL */
+  RDD_COLMOD = 0x0c,	/* 0:1: Read Display Pixel Format */
+  RDDIM = 0x0d,		/* 0:1: Read Display Image Mode */
+  RDDSM = 0x0e,		/* 0:1: Read Display Signal Mode */
+  RDDSDR = 0x0f,	/* 0:1: Read Display Self-diagnostic result */
+  SLPIN = 0x10,		/* 0:0: Sleep in & booster off */
+  SLPOUT = 0x11,	/* 0:0: Sleep out & booster on */
+  PTLON = 0x12,		/* 0:0: Pertial mode on */
+  NORON = 0x13,		/* 0:0: Normal mode on (Pertial off) */
+  INVOFF = 0x20,	/* 0:0: Display inversion off */
+  INVON = 0x21,		/* 0:0: Display inversion on */
+  GAMSET = 0x26,	/* 1:0: Gamma curve select */
+  DISPOFF = 0x28,	/* 0:0: Display off */
+  DISPON = 0x29,	/* 0:0: Display on */
+  CASET = 0x2a,		/* 4:0: Column address set */
+  RASET = 0x2b,		/* 4:0: Raw address set */
+  RAMWR = 0x2c,		/* 1:0: Memory write */
+  RAMRD = 0x2e,		/* 0:1: Memory read */
+  PTLAR = 0x30,		/* 4:0: Partial start/end address set */
+  SCRLAR = 0x33,	/* 6:0: Scroll area set */
+  TEOFF = 0x34,		/* 0:0: Tearing effect line off */
+  TEON = 0x35,		/* 1:0: Tearing effect mode set & on */
+  MADCTL = 0x36,	/* 1:0: Memory data access control */
+  VSCSAD = 0x37,	/* 2:0: Scroll start address of RAM */
+  IDMOFF = 0x38,	/* 0:0: Idle mode off */
+  IDMON = 0x39,		/* 0:0: Idle mode on */
+  COLMOD = 0x3a,	/* 1:0: Interface pixel format */
+  RDID1 = 0xda,		/* 0:1: Read ID1 */
+  RDID2 = 0xdb,		/* 0:1: Read ID2 */
+  RDID3 = 0xdc,		/* 0:1: Read ID3 */
+  RGBCTR = 0xb0,	/* 1:0: Set RGB signal control */
+  FRMCTR1 = 0xb1,	/* 3:0: In normal mode */
+  FRMCTR2 = 0xb2,	/* 3:0: In Idel mode (8-colors) */
+  FRMCTR3 = 0xb3,	/* 6:0: In partial mode + Full colors */
+  INVCTR = 0xb4,	/* 1:0: Display inversion control */
+  RGB_BPCTR = 0xb5,	/* 4:0: RGB I/F Blanking porch setting */
+  DISSET5 = 0xb6,	/* 2:0: Display function setting */
+  PWCTR1 = 0xc0,	/* 2:0: Power control setting */
+  PWCTR2 = 0xc1,	/* 1:0: Power control setting */
+  PWCTR3 = 0xc2,	/* 2:0: Power control setting (Full colors) */
+  PWCTR4 = 0xc3,	/* 2:0: Power control setting (8-colors) */
+  PWCTR5 = 0xc4,	/* 2:0: Power control setting (In partial mode) */
+  VMCTR1 = 0xc5,	/* 2:0: VCOM control */
+  VMOFCTR = 0xc6,	/* 1:0: VCOM offset control */
+  WRID2 = 0xd1,		/* 1:0: Write ID2 value to NV */
+  WRID3 = 0xd2,		/* 1:0: Write ID3 value to NV */
+  RDID4 = 0xd3,		/* 0:4: IC Vender code */
+  NVCTR1 = 0xd9,	/* 0:1:no-fummy NVM control status */
+  NVCTR2 = 0xde,	/* 3:0: NVM read command (aa, 0f, a5) */
+  NVCTR3 = 0xdf,	/* 3:0: NVM write command (55, f0, 5a) */
+  GAMCTRP1 = 0xe0,	/* 13:0: Set Gamma correction + */
+  GAMCTRN1 = 0xe1,	/* 13:0: Set Gamma correction - */
+  AUTO_CTRL = 0xf1,	/* 1:0: NVM write function ON/OFF */
+  OSCADJ = 0xf2,	/* 1:0: Osillator frequency setting */
+  DISPCTRL = 0xf5,	/* 1:0: Display function control */
+  DEFADJ = 0xf6,	/* 1:0: Default mode setting */
+};
+
+typedef enum st7732_cmd st7732_cmd_t;
+
+extern void lcd_command_no (st7732_cmd_t cmd);
+extern void lcd_command_readn (st7732_cmd_t cmd, uint8_t *p, size_t n);
+extern void lcd_command_writen (st7732_cmd_t cmd, uint8_t *p, size_t n);
+extern void lcd_command_filln (st7732_cmd_t cmd, uint8_t b, size_t n);
+extern void lcd_init (void);
+
+extern void lcd_draw_point (int x, int y, int r, int g, int b);
+extern void lcd_draw_hexfont5x8 (uint32_t hex, int x, int y, int r, int g,
+				 int b, int bg);
+extern void lcd_printhex (uint32_t hex, int x, int y, int r, int g, int b,
+			  int bg);
+
+#define LCD_COLUMN	128
+#define LCD_ROW		160
+#define BYTES_PER_PIXEL	3
diff --git a/example-primer2/sys.c b/example-primer2/sys.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6481703
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/sys.c
@@ -0,0 +1,467 @@
+/*
+ * sys.c - system routines for the initial page for STM32F103.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013, 2014, 2015 Flying Stone Technology
+ * Author: NIIBE Yutaka <gniibe@fsij.org>
+ *
+ * Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
+ * are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
+ * notice and this notice are preserved.  This file is offered as-is,
+ * without any warranty.
+ *
+ * When the flash ROM is protected, we cannot modify the initial page.
+ * We put some system routines (which is useful for any program) here.
+ */
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include "board.h"
+
+/* Adds port C for shutdown function.  */
+#undef RCC_ENR_IOP_EN
+#undef RCC_RSTR_IOP_RST
+#define RCC_ENR_IOP_EN \
+        (RCC_APB2ENR_IOPAEN | RCC_APB2ENR_IOPDEN | RCC_APB2ENR_IOPEEN \
+	 | RCC_APB2ENR_IOPCEN | RCC_APB2ENR_IOPBEN)
+#define RCC_RSTR_IOP_RST \
+        (RCC_APB2RSTR_IOPARST | RCC_APB2RSTR_IOPDRST | RCC_APB2RSTR_IOPERST \
+	 | RCC_APB2RSTR_IOPCRST | RCC_APB2RSTR_IOPBRST)
+
+#include "clk_gpio_init.c"
+
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_OTHER1 = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIOC_BASE);
+static struct GPIO *const GPIO_OTHER2 = ((struct GPIO *const) GPIOB_BASE);
+
+static void __attribute__((used))
+gpio_init_primer2 (void)
+{
+  gpio_init ();
+
+  /*
+   * Port C setup.
+   * Everything input with pull-up except:
+   * PC0  - Analog input (Touch panel L X+)
+   * PC1  - Analog input (Touch panel R X-)
+   * PC2  - Analog input (Touch panel U Y+)
+   * PC3  - Analog input (Touch panel D Y-)
+   * PC6  - Normal input because there is an external resistor.
+   * PC7  - Normal input because there is an external resistor.
+   * PC13 - Push Pull output (SHUTDOWN)
+   */
+  GPIO_OTHER1->ODR = 0xffffdfff;
+  GPIO_OTHER1->CRL = 0x44880000;
+  GPIO_OTHER1->CRH = 0x88388888;
+
+  /*
+   * Port B setup.
+   * Everything input with pull-up except:
+   * PB8  - Backlight enable output.
+   * PB13 - Alternate output  (AUDIO SPI2 SCK).
+   * PB14 - Normal input      (AUDIO SPI2 MISO).
+   * PB15 - Alternate output  (AUDIO SPI2 MOSI).
+   */
+  GPIO_OTHER2->ODR = 0xffffffff;
+  GPIO_OTHER2->CRL = 0x88888888;
+  GPIO_OTHER2->CRH = 0xb4b88883;
+}
+
+#define CORTEX_PRIORITY_BITS    4
+#define CORTEX_PRIORITY_MASK(n)  ((n) << (8 - CORTEX_PRIORITY_BITS))
+#define USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn	 20
+#define STM32_USB_IRQ_PRIORITY   11
+
+struct NVIC {
+  uint32_t ISER[8];
+  uint32_t unused1[24];
+  uint32_t ICER[8];
+  uint32_t unused2[24];
+  uint32_t ISPR[8];
+  uint32_t unused3[24];
+  uint32_t ICPR[8];
+  uint32_t unused4[24];
+  uint32_t IABR[8];
+  uint32_t unused5[56];
+  uint32_t IPR[60];
+};
+
+static struct NVIC *const NVICBase = ((struct NVIC *const)0xE000E100);
+#define NVIC_ISER(n)	(NVICBase->ISER[n >> 5])
+#define NVIC_ICPR(n)	(NVICBase->ICPR[n >> 5])
+#define NVIC_IPR(n)	(NVICBase->IPR[n >> 2])
+
+static void
+nvic_enable_vector (uint32_t n, uint32_t prio)
+{
+  unsigned int sh = (n & 3) << 3;
+
+  NVIC_IPR (n) = (NVIC_IPR(n) & ~(0xFF << sh)) | (prio << sh);
+  NVIC_ICPR (n) = 1 << (n & 0x1F);
+  NVIC_ISER (n) = 1 << (n & 0x1F);
+}
+
+static void
+usb_cable_config (int enable)
+{
+#if defined(GPIO_USB_SET_TO_ENABLE)
+  if (enable)
+    GPIO_USB->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_USB_SET_TO_ENABLE);
+  else
+    GPIO_USB->BRR = (1 << GPIO_USB_SET_TO_ENABLE);
+#elif defined(GPIO_USB_CLEAR_TO_ENABLE)
+  if (enable)
+    GPIO_USB->BRR = (1 << GPIO_USB_CLEAR_TO_ENABLE);
+  else
+    GPIO_USB->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_USB_CLEAR_TO_ENABLE);
+#else
+  (void)enable;
+#endif
+}
+
+void
+set_led (int on)
+{
+#if defined(GPIO_LED_CLEAR_TO_EMIT)
+  if (on)
+    GPIO_LED->BRR = (1 << GPIO_LED_CLEAR_TO_EMIT);
+  else
+    GPIO_LED->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_LED_CLEAR_TO_EMIT);
+#else
+  if (on)
+    GPIO_LED->BSRR = (1 << GPIO_LED_SET_TO_EMIT);
+  else
+    GPIO_LED->BRR = (1 << GPIO_LED_SET_TO_EMIT);
+#endif
+}
+
+static void wait (int count)
+{
+  int i;
+
+  for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
+    asm volatile ("" : : "r" (i) : "memory");
+}
+
+
+static void
+usb_lld_sys_shutdown (void)
+{
+  RCC->APB1ENR &= ~RCC_APB1ENR_USBEN;
+  RCC->APB1RSTR = RCC_APB1RSTR_USBRST;
+  usb_cable_config (0);
+}
+
+static void
+usb_lld_sys_init (void)
+{
+  if ((RCC->APB1ENR & RCC_APB1ENR_USBEN)
+      && (RCC->APB1RSTR & RCC_APB1RSTR_USBRST) == 0)
+    /* Make sure the device is disconnected, even after core reset.  */
+    {
+      usb_lld_sys_shutdown ();
+      /* Disconnect requires SE0 (>= 2.5uS).  */
+      wait (300);
+    }
+
+  usb_cable_config (1);
+  RCC->APB1ENR |= RCC_APB1ENR_USBEN;
+  nvic_enable_vector (USB_LP_CAN1_RX0_IRQn,
+		      CORTEX_PRIORITY_MASK (STM32_USB_IRQ_PRIORITY));
+  /*
+   * Note that we also have other IRQ(s):
+   * 	USB_HP_CAN1_TX_IRQn (for double-buffered or isochronous)
+   * 	USBWakeUp_IRQn (suspend/resume)
+   */
+  RCC->APB1RSTR = RCC_APB1RSTR_USBRST;
+  RCC->APB1RSTR = 0;
+}
+
+#define FLASH_KEY1               0x45670123UL
+#define FLASH_KEY2               0xCDEF89ABUL
+
+enum flash_status
+{
+  FLASH_BUSY = 1,
+  FLASH_ERROR_PG,
+  FLASH_ERROR_WRP,
+  FLASH_COMPLETE,
+  FLASH_TIMEOUT
+};
+
+static void __attribute__ ((used))
+flash_unlock (void)
+{
+  FLASH->KEYR = FLASH_KEY1;
+  FLASH->KEYR = FLASH_KEY2;
+}
+
+
+#define intr_disable()  asm volatile ("cpsid   i" : : : "memory")
+#define intr_enable()  asm volatile ("cpsie   i" : : : "memory")
+
+#define FLASH_SR_BSY		0x01
+#define FLASH_SR_PGERR		0x04
+#define FLASH_SR_WRPRTERR	0x10
+#define FLASH_SR_EOP		0x20
+
+#define FLASH_CR_PG	0x0001
+#define FLASH_CR_PER	0x0002
+#define FLASH_CR_MER	0x0004
+#define FLASH_CR_OPTPG	0x0010
+#define FLASH_CR_OPTER	0x0020
+#define FLASH_CR_STRT	0x0040
+#define FLASH_CR_LOCK	0x0080
+#define FLASH_CR_OPTWRE	0x0200
+#define FLASH_CR_ERRIE	0x0400
+#define FLASH_CR_EOPIE	0x1000
+
+static int
+flash_wait_for_last_operation (uint32_t timeout)
+{
+  int status;
+
+  do
+    {
+      status = FLASH->SR;
+      if (--timeout == 0)
+	break;
+    }
+  while ((status & FLASH_SR_BSY) != 0);
+
+  return status & (FLASH_SR_BSY|FLASH_SR_PGERR|FLASH_SR_WRPRTERR);
+}
+
+#define FLASH_PROGRAM_TIMEOUT 0x00010000
+#define FLASH_ERASE_TIMEOUT   0x01000000
+
+static int
+flash_program_halfword (uint32_t addr, uint16_t data)
+{
+  int status;
+
+  status = flash_wait_for_last_operation (FLASH_PROGRAM_TIMEOUT);
+
+  intr_disable ();
+  if (status == 0)
+    {
+      FLASH->CR |= FLASH_CR_PG;
+
+      *(volatile uint16_t *)addr = data;
+
+      status = flash_wait_for_last_operation (FLASH_PROGRAM_TIMEOUT);
+      FLASH->CR &= ~FLASH_CR_PG;
+    }
+  intr_enable ();
+
+  return status;
+}
+
+static int
+flash_erase_page (uint32_t addr)
+{
+  int status;
+
+  status = flash_wait_for_last_operation (FLASH_ERASE_TIMEOUT);
+
+  intr_disable ();
+  if (status == 0)
+    {
+      FLASH->CR |= FLASH_CR_PER;
+      FLASH->AR = addr;
+      FLASH->CR |= FLASH_CR_STRT;
+
+      status = flash_wait_for_last_operation (FLASH_ERASE_TIMEOUT);
+      FLASH->CR &= ~FLASH_CR_PER;
+    }
+  intr_enable ();
+
+  return status;
+}
+
+static int
+flash_check_blank (const uint8_t *p_start, size_t size)
+{
+  const uint8_t *p;
+
+  for (p = p_start; p < p_start + size; p++)
+    if (*p != 0xff)
+      return 0;
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+extern uint8_t __flash_start__, __flash_end__;
+
+static int
+flash_write (uint32_t dst_addr, const uint8_t *src, size_t len)
+{
+  int status;
+  uint32_t flash_start = (uint32_t)&__flash_start__;
+  uint32_t flash_end = (uint32_t)&__flash_end__;
+
+  if (dst_addr < flash_start || dst_addr + len > flash_end)
+    return 0;
+
+  while (len)
+    {
+      uint16_t hw = *src++;
+
+      hw |= (*src++ << 8);
+      status = flash_program_halfword (dst_addr, hw);
+      if (status != 0)
+	return 0;		/* error return */
+
+      dst_addr += 2;
+      len -= 2;
+    }
+
+  return 1;
+}
+
+#define OPTION_BYTES_ADDR 0x1ffff800
+
+static int
+flash_protect (void)
+{
+  int status;
+  uint32_t option_bytes_value;
+
+  status = flash_wait_for_last_operation (FLASH_ERASE_TIMEOUT);
+
+  intr_disable ();
+  if (status == 0)
+    {
+      FLASH->OPTKEYR = FLASH_KEY1;
+      FLASH->OPTKEYR = FLASH_KEY2;
+
+      FLASH->CR |= FLASH_CR_OPTER;
+      FLASH->CR |= FLASH_CR_STRT;
+
+      status = flash_wait_for_last_operation (FLASH_ERASE_TIMEOUT);
+      FLASH->CR &= ~FLASH_CR_OPTER;
+    }
+  intr_enable ();
+
+  if (status != 0)
+    return 0;
+
+  option_bytes_value = *(uint32_t *)OPTION_BYTES_ADDR;
+  return (option_bytes_value & 0xff) == 0xff ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static void __attribute__((naked))
+flash_erase_all_and_exec (void (*entry)(void))
+{
+  uint32_t addr = (uint32_t)&__flash_start__;
+  uint32_t end = (uint32_t)&__flash_end__;
+  int r;
+
+  while (addr < end)
+    {
+      r = flash_erase_page (addr);
+      if (r != 0)
+	break;
+
+      addr += FLASH_PAGE_SIZE;
+    }
+
+  if (addr >= end)
+    (*entry) ();
+
+  for (;;);
+}
+
+struct SCB
+{
+  volatile uint32_t CPUID;
+  volatile uint32_t ICSR;
+  volatile uint32_t VTOR;
+  volatile uint32_t AIRCR;
+  volatile uint32_t SCR;
+  volatile uint32_t CCR;
+  volatile uint8_t  SHP[12];
+  volatile uint32_t SHCSR;
+  volatile uint32_t CFSR;
+  volatile uint32_t HFSR;
+  volatile uint32_t DFSR;
+  volatile uint32_t MMFAR;
+  volatile uint32_t BFAR;
+  volatile uint32_t AFSR;
+  volatile uint32_t PFR[2];
+  volatile uint32_t DFR;
+  volatile uint32_t ADR;
+  volatile uint32_t MMFR[4];
+  volatile uint32_t ISAR[5];
+};
+
+#define SCS_BASE	(0xE000E000)
+#define SCB_BASE	(SCS_BASE +  0x0D00)
+static struct SCB *const SCB = ((struct SCB *const) SCB_BASE);
+
+#define SYSRESETREQ 0x04
+static void
+nvic_system_reset (void)
+{
+  SCB->AIRCR = (0x05FA0000 | (SCB->AIRCR & 0x70) | SYSRESETREQ);
+  asm volatile ("dsb");
+  for (;;);
+}
+
+static void __attribute__ ((naked))
+reset (void)
+{
+  extern const unsigned long *FT0, *FT1, *FT2;
+
+  /*
+   * This code may not be at the start of flash ROM, because of DFU.
+   * So, we take the address from PC.
+   */
+  asm volatile ("cpsid	i\n\t"		/* Mask all interrupts. */
+		"ldr	r0, 1f\n\t"     /* r0 = SCR */
+		"mov	r1, pc\n\t"	/* r1 = (PC + 0x1000) & ~0x0fff */
+		"mov	r2, #0x1000\n\t"
+		"add	r1, r1, r2\n\t"
+		"sub	r2, r2, #1\n\t"
+		"bic	r1, r1, r2\n\t"
+		"str	r1, [r0, #8]\n\t"	/* Set SCR->VCR */
+		"ldr	r0, [r1], #4\n\t"
+		"msr	MSP, r0\n\t"	/* Main (exception handler) stack. */
+		"ldr	r0, [r1]\n\t"	/* Reset handler.                  */
+		"bx	r0\n\t"
+		".align	2\n"
+	"1:	.word	0xe000ed00"
+		: /* no output */ : /* no input */ : "memory");
+
+  /* Never reach here. */
+  /* Artificial entry to refer FT0, FT1, and FT2.  */
+  asm volatile (""
+		: : "r" (FT0), "r" (FT1), "r" (FT2));
+}
+
+typedef void (*handler)(void);
+extern uint8_t __ram_end__;
+
+handler vector[] __attribute__ ((section(".vectors"))) = {
+  (handler)&__ram_end__,
+  reset,
+  (handler)set_led,
+  flash_unlock,
+  (handler)flash_program_halfword,
+  (handler)flash_erase_page,
+  (handler)flash_check_blank,
+  (handler)flash_write,
+  (handler)flash_protect,
+  (handler)flash_erase_all_and_exec,
+  usb_lld_sys_init,
+  usb_lld_sys_shutdown,
+  nvic_system_reset,
+  clock_init,
+  gpio_init_primer2,
+  NULL,
+};
+
+const uint8_t sys_version[8] __attribute__((section(".sys.version"))) = {
+  3*2+2,	     /* bLength */
+  0x03,		     /* bDescriptorType = USB_STRING_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE*/
+  /* sys version: "2.0" */
+  '2', 0, '.', 0, '0', 0,
+};
diff --git a/example-primer2/sys.h b/example-primer2/sys.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..25d33f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/example-primer2/sys.h
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+extern const uint8_t sys_version[8];
+
+typedef void (*handler)(void);
+extern handler vector[16];
+
+static inline const uint8_t *
+unique_device_id (void)
+{
+  /* STM32F103 has 96-bit unique device identifier */
+  const uint8_t *addr = (const uint8_t *)0x1ffff7e8;
+
+  return addr;
+}
+
+static inline void
+set_led (int on)
+{
+  void (*func) (int) = (void (*)(int))vector[2];
+
+  return (*func) (on);
+}
+
+static inline void
+flash_unlock (void)
+{
+  (*vector[3]) ();
+}
+
+static inline int
+flash_program_halfword (uint32_t addr, uint16_t data)
+{
+  int (*func) (uint32_t, uint16_t) = (int (*)(uint32_t, uint16_t))vector[4];
+
+  return (*func) (addr, data);
+}
+
+static inline int
+flash_erase_page (uint32_t addr)
+{
+  int (*func) (uint32_t) = (int (*)(uint32_t))vector[5];
+
+  return (*func) (addr);
+}
+
+static inline int
+flash_check_blank (const uint8_t *p_start, size_t size)
+{
+  int (*func) (const uint8_t *, int) = (int (*)(const uint8_t *, int))vector[6];
+
+  return (*func) (p_start, size);
+}
+
+static inline int
+flash_write (uint32_t dst_addr, const uint8_t *src, size_t len)
+{
+  int (*func) (uint32_t, const uint8_t *, size_t)
+    = (int (*)(uint32_t, const uint8_t *, size_t))vector[7];
+
+  return (*func) (dst_addr, src, len);
+}
+
+static inline int
+flash_protect (void)
+{
+  int (*func) (void) = (int (*)(void))vector[8];
+
+  return (*func) ();
+}
+
+static inline void __attribute__((noreturn))
+flash_erase_all_and_exec (void (*entry)(void))
+{
+  void (*func) (void (*)(void)) = (void (*)(void (*)(void)))vector[9];
+
+  (*func) (entry);
+  for (;;);
+}
+
+static inline void
+usb_lld_sys_init (void)
+{
+  (*vector[10]) ();
+}
+
+static inline void
+usb_lld_sys_shutdown (void)
+{
+  (*vector[11]) ();
+}
+
+static inline void
+nvic_system_reset (void)
+{
+  (*vector[12]) ();
+}
+
+/*
+ * Users can override INLINE by 'attribute((used))' to have an
+ * implementation defined.
+ */
+#if !defined(INLINE)
+#define INLINE __inline__
+#endif
+
+static INLINE void
+clock_init (void)
+{
+  (*vector[13]) ();
+}
+
+static INLINE void
+gpio_init (void)
+{
+  (*vector[14]) ();
+}
-- 
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